Background The relationship between glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and cognitive impairment in older adults with coronary heart disease (CHD) remains unclear.
Methods The present study used a prospective cohort study design and included 3244 participants aged ≥ 65 years in Beijing, China. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) were used to assess cognitive function. Serum HbA1c was detected at admission. All patients were divided into high HbA1c group (≥ 6.5mmol/L) and low HbA1c group (< 6.5mmol/L) based on their HbA1c levels. Logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the association between HbA1c and cognitive impairment.
Results In this study of 3244 participants, 1201 (37.0%) patients were in high HbA1c group and 2045 (63.0%) patients were in a state of cognitive impairment. Logistic regression analyses demonstrated that HbA1c was an independent risk factor for cognitive impairment regardless of whether the HbA1c was a continuous or categorical variable (OR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.15–1.40, P < 0.001; OR = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.41–2.26, P ≤ 0.001, respectively). The restricted cubic spline curve exhibited that the relationship between the HbA1c and cognitive impairment was linear (p for non-linear = 0.323, P < 0.001).
Conclusion Elevated levels of HbA1c were associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment in older patients with CHD. These insights could be used to improve the accuracy and sensitivity of cognitive screening in these patient populations.
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